Black gums are a common oral health concern that can affect anyone regardless of age, gender, or race. In this article, we explain what black gums are, their causes, how to prevent them, home remedies to try, and how a dentist can identify the cause and treat them.

What Are Black Gums?

They are characterised by a darkened appearance of the gums, ranging from brown to black. The discolouration can occur in one area or across the entire gum line.

Causes of Black Gums

There are several causes, including:

  • Smoking: Nicotine and tar in cigarettes can stain the gums and teeth
  • Poor oral hygiene: Failing to brush and floss regularly can lead to the buildup of plaque, which can cause the gums to darken
  • Medications: Certain medications, such as minocycline and antimalarial drugs
  • Melanin pigmentation: In some cases, genetics can cause melanin pigmentation to occur, leading to darker gums
  • Gum disease: Advanced gum disease can cause the gums to darken and recede.

Prevention of Black Gums

  • Quit smoking: If you smoke, quitting can prevent further staining of the gums and teeth
  • Brush and floss regularly: Brush your teeth twice a day and floss once a day to remove plaque buildup
  • Be aware of certain medications: Always read the leaflet that comes with medications and be aware of side-effects that can include gum discolouration
  • See your dentist regularly: Regular dental checkups can prevent and treat gum disease.

Home Remedies for Black Gums

Here are some home remedies you can try to lighten darkened gums:

  • Baking soda: Mix baking soda with water to create a paste, then brush your teeth and gums with the paste for 2-3 minutes. Rinse with water and repeat no more than once a week
  • Oil pulling: Swish a tablespoon of coconut oil around your mouth for 10-15 minutes, then spit it out and rinse your mouth with water. Repeat daily
  • Vitamin C: Increase your intake of vitamin C through foods or supplements to boost gum health.

Identifying and Treating Black Gums

If you’re concerned about the appearance of your gums, it’s best to see a dentist. They can identify the cause of discoloured gums and recommend treatment options. Here are some possible treatments:

  • Professional cleaning: A dental cleaning can remove plaque and tartar buildup, which can lighten darkened gums.
  • Gum surgery: If gum disease is causing the darkened gums, gum surgery may be necessary to remove the infected tissue and prevent further damage.
  • Whitening treatments: In some cases, a dentist may recommend a professional whitening treatment to lighten the gums.

Conclusion

  • Black gums can be concerning, but they are usually treatable.
  • By maintaining good oral hygiene habits, avoiding certain medications, and seeing a dentist regularly, you can prevent black gums from occurring.
  • If you do notice any discoloration, try home remedies to lighten them.
  • And if you’re still concerned, see a dentist for professional treatment options.