White gums can be a sign of an underlying oral health issue, and here, we explore causes, prevention and treatment options for the condition. This gum colouration issue occurs when the gums appear pale or white instead of a healthy pink colour. In some cases, it may be accompanied by soreness, pain or bleeding.

Causes of White Patches on Gums

  • Poor oral hygiene. Neglecting to brush and floss regularly can cause plaque buildup, which can lead to inflamed and ‘whitish’ gums.
  • Gingivitis. This is a common gum disease caused by plaque buildup that can cause inflammation, redness, and bleeding of the gums.
  • Leukoplakia. This is a condition that causes thick white patches to develop on the gums, tongue, or inner cheeks. Potential causes of this condition include a repetitive injury or irritant. It can also be a sign of pre-cancerous mouth changes or mouth cancer, which is why it is important to see a dentist for a thorough exam.
  • Oral cancer. In rare cases, white patches on the gums can be a sign of oral cancer.

Prevention of White Gums

  • Brush and floss regularly. Brush your teeth at least twice a day, floss and use mouthwash twice a day to remove plaque buildup and prevent gingivitis.
  • Quit smoking. Smoking can cause a whiteness of the gums and increase the risk of oral cancer.
  • Maintain a healthy diet. Eating a balanced diet that’s low in sugar and rich in vitamins and minerals can help maintain healthy gums.

Treatment for White Gums

  • Deep cleaning. If your pale gum colour is caused by gingivitis, your dentist may recommend a deep cleaning procedure to remove the buildup of plaque and tartar.
  • Medication. Your dentist may prescribe an antibiotic or anti-fungal medication to treat any underlying infection that is affecting your gums in this way.
  • Biopsy. In some cases, a biopsy may be necessary to determine if the white patches around the gums are cancerous. Your dentist will guide you through the process. 

Summary

  • A white patch around the gums can be a sign of an underlying oral health issue, and it’s important to address the issue promptly.
  • By practicing good oral hygiene and maintaining regular dental check ups, you can help prevent gum discolouration and maintain good oral health.
  • If you’re experiencing a white patch on your gums, make an appointment immediately with your dentist to determine the cause and get the appropriate treatment.